Source: Canva
In Slovak, there’s a clear distinction between formal and informal speech, much like in languages like French or German. This difference is mostly seen in the use of “vykanie” (formal) and “tykanie” (informal).
- Vykanie (Formal): Uses "vy" (you, plural) and is used when addressing strangers, elders, or in professional settings.
- Example: "Ako sa máte?" – "How are you?" (formal)
- Tykanie (Informal): Uses "ty" (you, singular) and is used with friends, family, or people of the same age or younger.
- Example: "Ako sa máš?" – "How are you?" (informal)
Common Situations:
- Meeting a stranger: Always start with formal speech, e.g., "Môžem vám pomôcť?" – "Can I help you?" (formal).
- Speaking with a colleague or friend: You would use informal, "Môžem ti pomôcť?" – "Can I help you?" (informal).
- Shifting to informal: After getting to know someone better, they might suggest using "ty" by saying, "Tykať si?" – "Shall we use ‘ty’?"
Have you had any experiences where it was difficult to know whether to use formal or informal Slovak with someone? How does this compare to formality levels in your native language? Let us know in the comments below!
Also, if you would like to learn more about Slovak language, don't hesitate to join us tomorrow (29.1.) for a speaking session HERE!
Erik, OLS Slovak Community Manager