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Interview: Vesna Podgorac

Interview: Vesna Podgorac

by Loreta Gudelj -
Number of replies: 1

Upoznajte Vesnu, strastvenu lingvisticu sa srcem ukorijenjenim u Rijeci, Hrvatska. Ona je na putovanju koje se proteže diljem Europe, proučavajući i podučavajući jezike gdje god je odvele njezine avanture. S posebnim interesom za španjolski i hrvatski jezik, trenutno se posvećuje svom doktoratu u Madridu. No, Vesna nije samo akademska; uživa u biciklizmu, istraživanju novih kultura, gastronomskim užicima, teatru i, naravno, jezicima. Danas je ovdje kako bi podijelila svoju zanimljivu priču, od ljubavi prema hrvatskom jeziku do iskustava podučavanja stranaca iz cijelog svijeta.


Bok Vesna, možeš li nam dati kratak opis sebe za međunarodnu OLS platformu?

Bok, Loreta! Rođena sam u Rijeci i iako sam studirala i radila diljem Europe, Rijeka je kutak svijeta kojem se uvijek vraćam. Diplomirala sam španjolsku i hrvatsku filologiju na Sveučilištu u Zagrebu. Trenutno završavam doktorat na Sveučilištu Complutense u Madridu. Provela sam vrijeme na raznim sveučilištima u Europi kao stipendistica i sudionica seminara i konferencija. Već tijekom studija počela sam podučavati jezike, a radila sam institucionalno i privatno sa svim generacijama – od vrtića do umirovljenika – te na sve moguće načine: individualno i u grupama, uživo i online. Imam i veliko iskustvo kao prevoditeljica i tumačica. Što se tiče privatnog života, istaknula bih pet stvari koje me istinski ispunjavaju (ne nužno tim redoslijedom): biciklizam, putovanja, gastronomija, teatar i jezici.


 

Izvor: Vesna Podgorac / Madrid, ispred fakulteta na kojem je upisana na doktorski studij lingvistike

 

Kako se razvila tvoja osobna ljubav prema jezicima i što te potaknulo da učiš više o svom materinjem jeziku?

Moj interes za jezike seže još u djetinjstvo. Moja mama je uvijek isticala važnost poznavanja stranih jezika i poticala me da ih učim. Jako sam joj zahvalna na tome što mi je usadila tu ljubav. Što se tiče mog materinjeg jezika, već u osnovnoj školi znala sam da želim studirati hrvatsku filologiju. Vjerojatno su na tu odluku utjecali sjajni učitelji koje sam imala, i tada i u srednjoj školi. Oduvijek me zanimala jezična znatiželja i dobra literatura. Najbolji trenuci vezani uz moj materinji jezik počeli su podučavanjem hrvatskog za strance jer tada jezik vidiš iz potpuno druge perspektive, što mi je bilo iznimno zanimljivo, a također sam puno naučila od svojih stranih učenika.

 

Mnogi kažu da je hrvatski težak jezik. Bi li ga tako definirala i zašto da ili ne?

Ne volim definirati jezike kao lake ili teške, lijepe ili neugledne, melodiozne ili ne, itd. Sva ta ocjenjivanja su subjektivna. Na primjer, ako pitate Slavenog izvornog govornika, sigurno se ne bi složio s tim. No, često se više fokusiramo na govornike velikih svjetskih jezika jer ljudima je obično zanimljivije kada izvorni govornik engleskog želi učiti hrvatski nego kad to želi Slovenac. Također, važno je da ako ne živite u Hrvatskoj, velika je vjerojatnost da nikada nećete imati kontakt s hrvatskim jezikom. Na primjer, dok sam podučavala španjolski, mnogi su moji učenici odlučili pohađati taj jezik jer su godinama gledali telenovele. Dakle, nije isto ako ste nekoliko godina svakodnevno slušali jezik sat vremena ili ako nikada niste imali priliku ni čuti jedan razgovor na njemu.

 

 

Izvor: Vesna Podgorac / Hum, s pismima glagoljice u muzeju najmanjeg grada na svijetu


Možeš li opisati svoja nedavna iskustva u podučavanju hrvatskog strancima?

Do prije osam godina imala sam povremene individualne učenike hrvatskog, ali moj fokus bio je španjolski. Zatim, 2016. odlučila sam se odmoriti od španjolskog i prijavila za poziciju predavačice hrvatskog na Sveučilištu u Bukureštu (Rumunjska). Provela sam tamo tri godine, a zatim tri godine na istoj poziciji na Sveučilištu Aix-Marseille (Francuska). Ako sve bude po planu, od ožujka počinjem predavati na Sveučilištu Sapienza u Rimu (Italija). U međuvremenu surađujem s jednom školom stranih jezika i imam nekoliko individualnih učenika.

 

 

Izvor: Vesna Podgorac / Bukurešt, ispred rektorata sveučilišta gdje je predavala

 

Koji je tvoj omiljeni jezik i zašto?

Definitivno španjolski. Počela sam ga učiti u srednjoj školi kao izborni predmet. Tada nisam bila fascinirana samim jezikom, više sam željela naučiti novi jezik, ali sam se pronašla u španjolskom. Učila sam ga mnogo više nego što je bilo potrebno za ocjene i počela sam se stvarno zanimati za njegovu kulturu. Čak sam odlučila napisati svoju srednjoškolsku zadaću na španjolskom o dobitniku Nobelove nagrade za književnost iz Španjolske. Kruna moje fascinacije bilo je osvajanje nacionalnog natjecanja iz španjolskog. Kasnije sam studirala španjolsku filologiju, boravila na dva španjolska sveučilišta kao stipendistica i putovala po cijeloj zemlji. Tijekom godina radila sam sa španjolskim (primarno kao učiteljica, ali i kao prevoditeljica, tumačica itd.). Španjolski mi je jezik donio nezaboravne trenutke, ljude i iskustva. Danas se i dalje često vraćam u Španjolsku, kao turista i kao doktorandica, a disertaciju ću pisati na španjolskom.

 

Koje jezike govoriš i koji su tvoji savjeti za učenje jezika?

Govorim tečno španjolski, rumunjski, talijanski, engleski, francuski, galicijski i u manjoj mjeri ruski. Imam pasivno znanje slovenskog. Dvije stvari koje uvijek ističem za učinkovito učenje jezika: 1) iskoristite svaku priliku da budete u kontaktu s ciljnim jezikom (učite s učiteljem, radite domaće zadatke, slušajte glazbu, čitajte literaturu i vijesti, gledajte filmove, čak promijenite jezik na mobitelu, i najvažnije, komunicirajte s izvornim govornicima) i 2) uvijek pokušajte komunicirati s izvornim govornicima, čak i ako znanje jezika nije veliko, jer ćete tako primijeniti svoje znanje i mnogo naučiti od njih.

 

 

Izvor: Vesna Podgorac / Bruxelles, posjet EU kutku u glavnom gradu Belgije


Mislite li da su poligloti posebni ljudi?

Posebni smo kao i bilo koja osoba koja je dobra u nečemu. Mislim da svaka osoba ima neki talent i u nečemu je dobra, pitanje je samo otkriti što je to. Sreća je što svi učimo jezike u školi pa nije teško otkriti tu sklonost, ali sigurna sam da svatko od nas ima nešto što bi mu bilo strast i ponos. Što se tiče zajedničkih interesa s drugim ljubiteljima jezika, naravno da ih intenzivno dijelimo. Prvo, postoje mnogi jezični univerzaliji o kojima volimo raspravljati, a također, čak i ako je riječ o nekoj specifičnoj znatiželji vezanoj uz određeni jezik, uvijek smo željni naučiti nešto novo.

 

Imaš li omiljenu hrvatsku frazu? A onu iz Kvarnera?

Ovo me stvarno uhvatilo. Možda „ne laje pas zbog sela“. Koristimo je kad smo svjesni da netko nešto ne želi učiniti zbog osobnih razloga, ali pokušava prikazati da to radi da nekoga poštedi. Sama fraza mi je smiješna i volim je koristiti da zadirkujem obitelj ili prijatelje ako pokušavaju izbjeći neki dogovor. Što se tiče lokalnih izraza, nema dvojbe- „šta da“. Moglo bi se prevesti kao upitno „zaista“, ali koristimo ga na kraju svake rečenice. Dok sam živjela u Rijeci, toga nisam bila ni svjesna, ali čim sam se preselila u Zagreb, kada sam počela studirati, ljudi iz cijele Hrvatske bi me odmah na početku razgovora pitali jesam li iz Rijeke, a ja bih pitala kako su to primijetili, jer nemamo specifičan naglasak. Odgovor je uvijek bio „šta da“. Prije nekoliko godina, ovaj izraz je čak i komercijaliziran.

 

 

Izvor: Vesna Podgorac / Otok Pag, s biciklom, što nije samo tjelesna rekreacija, već i važan trenutak u njezinu životu.

 

Kako bi opisala Hrvatsku i svoj grad stranim Erasmus studentima ili ESC volonterima?

Hrvatska je mala zemlja s iznimno bogatom i raznolikom poviješću, pa možete uživati u ogromnoj raznolikosti utjecaja na malom prostoru. Ta heterogenost vidljiva je u svim aspektima. Geografski je također vrlo raznolika, pa možete uživati u svim mogućim aktivnostima jer imamo more, planine, doline, brežuljke itd. Stranci se obično fokusiraju na obalu, ali svakako savjetujem da ne propuste prirodu Like i Gorskog kotara, doline i tradiciju Slavonije i Baranje, brežuljke Zagorja, srednjoeuropske gradove sjeverne Hrvatske ili druge bisere naše zemlje. Moj rodni grad, Rijeka, bez sumnje je najheterogeniji grad u cijeloj zemlji. Najbolji dokaz za to je da je samo u 20. stoljeću grad bio dio osam (!) različitih država, a imao je i kratak period neovisnosti. Dugo je bio snažno industrijsko središte i danas je najvažnija hrvatska luka. Grad je najpoznatiji po karnevalu, rock’n’rollu i izumu torpeda. Bio je i ostao otvorenog duha, što bih vjerojatno istaknula kao glavnu karakteristiku. Moram priznati da Rijeka danas ne prolazi najbolje dane, ali je na putu reinterpretacije svoje industrijske baštine u korist kulture i novih tehnologija. Proglašena je čak Europskom prijestolnicom kulture 2020.

 

 

Izvor: Vesna Podgorac / Zagreb, ispred fakulteta na dan primanja svoje diplome

 

Misliš li da je Hrvatska dobra destinacija za studente?

Definitivno. Mislim da je svaka zemlja dobra destinacija jer svaki boravak u inozemstvu donosi iskustva i otvara nove perspektive. Hrvatsku smatram odličnim izborom jer je lijepa i sigurna zemlja koja nudi mogućnosti putovanja, raznoliku i ukusnu hranu te bogat kulturni život. I, naravno, ljudi su prijateljski nastrojeni, a na našim sveučilištima možete dobiti kvalitetno obrazovanje.

 

Imaš li savjet za Erasmus studente koji dolaze u Rijeku? Što mogu očekivati?

Već sam opisala svoj grad, pa iz toga možete zaključiti da možete očekivati otvorene ljude navikle na različitosti. Također možete očekivati dobar kulturni život i ugodnu klimu (posebno ako vam ne smeta kiša). Bit ćete uz more, a skijališta su doslovno 30 km udaljena. Slovenija je samo 40 km, a Italija 60 km.

 

Jesi li bila dio Erasmus programa? Ako jesi, možeš li podijeliti svoja iskustva? Ako nisi, žališ li što nisi sudjelovala?

Dok sam bila studentica, Erasmus program u Hrvatskoj nije postojao, ali sam dobila tri različite stipendije za boravak na stranim sveučilištima (Complutense University of Madrid, University of Santiago de Compostela, University for Foreigners of Perugia). Imam predivna sjećanja! Svaka od tih prilika donijela mi je nova iskustva koja su me oblikovala. Imala sam priliku putovati, upoznati divne ljude, kušati različite gastronomije, usavršavati jezike i upoznati nove kulture. Naravno, uvijek se pojave i neki logistički problemi ili loši trenutci, ali oni također doprinose našem osobnom razvoju. Općenito vjerujem da je svako iskustvo vrijedno, čak i kad je loše – samo se treba iz njega nešto naučiti.

 

Ako bi mogla odabrati bilo koju europsku zemlju, koja ima posebno mjesto u tvom srcu i zašto?

Kao što možeš pretpostaviti, to je Španjolska. Kao što sam već spomenula opisujući svoju strast prema španjolskom, obožavam jezik i kulturu te zemlje. Također uživam u njihovoj hrani i volim otvorenost ljudi. Posjetila sam sve regije i u većinu se vraćala više puta. Španjolska nudi ogromnu raznolikost i svakako bih preporučila svaku njezinu regiju. Poseban odnos imam i s Italijom, jer smo odmalena često išli u Trst (prvenstveno radi shoppinga), a talijanski je bio i moj prvi strani jezik. Čak i danas se tamo često vraćam na kavu ili aperol. U međuvremenu sam putovala po cijeloj Italiji i, kao i za Španjolsku, zaista cijenim njihovu baštinu i gastronomiju. Na ovu listu bih dodala i Rumunjsku. Bio je to ugodno iznenađenje kada sam se tamo preselila bez očekivanja (moj motiv za prijavu za tu poziciju bio je učiti rumunjski zbog ljubavi prema romanskim jezicima). Osim što nosim lijepe uspomene s tog razdoblja, tamo sam se zaljubila i udala.

 

Koje hrvatsko jelo smatraš svojim omiljenim? Osim toga, koja je lokalna specijalnost u tvom kraju koju ne smije se propustiti?

Kao što sam već objasnila, Hrvatska je relativno mala, ali s velikim brojem utjecaja kroz vrijeme. Gastronomija je definitivno jedno od područja gdje se vidi povijest i geografija – od mediteranske prehrane na obali, preko teže hrane u planinskim područjima, preko srednjoeuropskih jela na sjeveru, do balkanskih utjecaja na istoku. Mislim da svatko tko dođe u Hrvatsku brzo nauči što su ćevapčići ili sarma. I sama ih volim, ali više preferiram lakše mediteranske specijalitete. Nemam omiljeno jelo, ali gdje god idem, savjetujem da potražite tipičan lokalni restoran i prepustite im da vam pripreme tradicionalnu večeru. To radim i u vlastitoj zemlji kada posjećujem druge regije, a rezultati su obično ukusni i poučni.

 

Što je najzanimljivija stvar koju si naučila o lingvistici?

Naučila sam mnogo stvari o lingvistici i većinu smatram iznimno zanimljivima. Teško je izdvojiti samo jednu, posebno jer ne očekujem da će opća publika nužno dijeliti moju strast. Kada razmišljam o tome što moji prijatelji koji nisu lingvisti smatraju najzanimljivijim, obično je to etimologija. Primjerice, riječ za “rad” na rumunjskom je muncă, što dolazi od staroslavenske riječi moka, što znači „mučenje, patnja“. Na talijanskom je lavoro, što dolazi od latinskog labor, gdje je značilo, između ostalog, „umor, patnja“. Na španjolskom je trabajo, na portugalskom trabalho, a na francuskom travail. Sve te riječi imaju porijeklo u latinskom tripalium, instrumentu za mučenje. Ako misliš da je to zgodna izgovor zašto ne raditi jer je etimološki povezano s patnjom, dvaput promisli – engleska riječ travel dolazi upravo od istog izvora (tripalium).

 

Gdje se vidiš za 15 godina?

Uf… I mislila sam da je teško pronaći svoj omiljeni hrvatski izraz. Zvuči kao fraza, ali stvarno ne znaš što sutra donosi. Ako bih mogla birati, i ako se ne budem previše umarala seliti svake nekoliko godine, vjerojatno ću i dalje podučavati hrvatski na stranim sveučilištima, jer stvarno volim ovaj posao i uživam u životnom stilu koji mi pruža.

 

 

Izvor: Vesna Podgorac / Bukurešt, njezin radni kutak za hrvatski za strance 

 

Sigurno imaš veliku strast prema književnosti, osobito hrvatskim autorima. Možeš li podijeliti neke preporuke za obavezno čitanje?

U posljednjem mjesecu pročitala sam tri sjajne knjige: Kristian Novak (Slučaj vlastite pogibelji), Dora Šustić (Psi) i Roberta Razzi (Lakoma Beti). Trenutno čitam Brod za Issu Roberta Perišića i izgleda obećavajuće. Kristian Novak je bez sumnje jedan od najvećih suvremenih hrvatskih autora i mogu preporučiti bilo koji njegov roman. Također bih preporučila (ne nužno tim redoslijedom) Slavenku Drakulić, Mašu Kolanović, Tatjanu Gromača, Gorana Ferčeca, Lanu Bastašić, Olju Savičević Ivančević, Igora Štiksa, Ivanu Sajko… To su suvremeni, živi autori. Od kanona hrvatske književnosti izdvojila bih Janka Polića Kamova, Miroslava Krležu, Mirka Kovača, Ivu Andrića i Dubravku Ugrešić. Za poeziju – Roberta Razzi (posebno ako vas zanima dijalektalna poezija, a također nudi prijevode na standardni jezik), Delimir Rešicki, Žarko Jovanovski… Ako želite čitati najpoznatije hrvatske pjesnike svih vremena, potražite zbirku pjesama Antuna Gustava Matoša, Tina Ujevića, Antuna Branka Šimića, Vesne Parun, Dragutina Tadijanovića ili Dobriše Cesarića.

 

Koje mjesto u Hrvatskoj bi posebno preporučila Erasmus studentima?

Kao što sam već spomenula, preporučila bih sve dijelove Hrvatske jer svaki ima mnogo za ponuditi. Moj osobni odabir uvijek bi bila Istra – spektakularni krajolici (na obali, a još više u unutrašnjosti), izvanredna gastronomija i odlični kulturni događaji. Ima poseban duh i visoku kvalitetu ponude u svakom segmentu.

 

Koju hrvatsku pjesmu imaš na svojoj playlisti?

Preferiram urbanu glazbu. Od suvremenih izvođača volim Urbana, Elemental, Meritas, Borisa Štoka (Quassar), Detour… Neki izvođači su na sceni godinama (nekima nažalost više nema ili su neaktivni): Massimo, Denis&Denis, Rundek, Fit… A dvije legende koje stvarno volim i obožavam – Josipa Lisac i Arsen Dedić.

 

Možeš li dati konkretan savjet kako učinkovito učiti hrvatski?

Ponovila bih savjete koje sam već istaknula za učenje jezika općenito. Ako dođete u Hrvatsku, lako ćete se izložiti jeziku na svaki mogući način, a također će biti lako razgovarati s izvornim govornicima jer smo poznati kao komunikativan, prijateljski narod koji posebno cijeni svaki trud kad pokušavate komunicirati na hrvatskom.

 

Kako objašnjavaš deklinacije stranim studentima?

To ovisi o materinjem jeziku mojih učenika. Naravno, lakše je ako imaju padeže u svom jeziku, ali čak i tada je potrebno više rada jer uvijek postoje razlike u upotrebi između hrvatskog i njihovog jezika. Ponekad, iako neki jezik nema padeže, postoje značajke koje mogu pomoći studentu da barem razumije koncept padeža. Općenito, svaki padež ima svoju ulogu u rečenici (npr. subjekt je uvijek u nominativu, izravni objekt u akuzativu, neizravni u dativu itd.) ili je određen prijedlogom (npr. „za“ traži akuzativ ako znači „za“, a instrumental ako znači „nakon“; „u“ ide s akuzativom i lokativom i uvijek znači isto, ali koristimo akuzativ ako je glagol kretanja, a lokativ ako nije). Kao što vidiš, to je potpuno drugačija perspektiva od one koju imaju izvorni govornici.

 

Znamo da su neke stvari u hrvatskom teške, reci nam što je lako!

Da, kao i u svakom jeziku, postoje teške i lagane stvari. U hrvatskom su jedno od prvih stvari koje naučite završeci za svaki rod u jednini i množini (npr. za nominativ). To je jedan od dijelova gramatike koji ne bi trebao biti težak za svladati, jer se ti završeci primjenjuju ne samo na gotovo sve imenice, nego i na pridjeve, većinu zamjenica itd. Također, na pamet mi padaju brojevi- naš sustav je logičan, i jednom kad naučite brojati do deset, samo trebate naučiti opća pravila kako formirati ostale brojeve do beskonačnosti. Morfologija prošlog i budućeg vremena također je relativno jednostavna za učenje.

 

Reci nešto o svom doktorskom radu usmjerenom na jezike i motivaciju iza teme.

Doktorski studij radim iz područja teorijske i primijenjene lingvistike na Sveučilištu Complutense u Madridu. Kao Hrvatica strastvena prema romanskim jezicima, odlučila sam posvetiti disertaciju kontaktu romanskih i slavenskih jezika. Radim na kliticima u romanskim idiomima koji se govore u hrvatskim regijama Kvarnera i Istre (istrovenetski, istrijotski, istro-rumunjski). Odabrala sam tu jezičnu posebnost jer standardni hrvatski jezik ima vrlo jedinstvena pravila o upotrebi klitika, dok se u romanskim jezicima često raspoređuju drugačije, pa sam smatrala da bi to moglo dati zanimljive rezultate. U doktorskom radu uspjela sam spojiti mnogo stvari koje volim- lingvistiku, romanske jezike, hrvatski i Kvarner i Istru (moju regiju i regiju mojih djedova i baka), sve pisano na španjolskom.

 

Thank you for taking the time to explore Vesna's story! We'd love to hear your thoughts or anything you'd like to share, so feel free to leave a comment below.


Loreta, OLS Community Manager – Croatian



In reply to Loreta Gudelj

Re: Interview: Vesna Podgorac

by Loreta Gudelj -
Meet Vesna, a passionate linguist with a heart rooted in Rijeka, Croatia. She's on a journey that spans across Europe, studying and teaching languages wherever her adventures take her. With a knack for Spanish and Croatian Philology, she's now delving into her PhD in Madrid. Vesna's not just about academia though; she finds joy in cycling, exploring new cultures, savouring gastronomic delights, immersing herself in theatre, and of course, diving into languages. Today, she's here to share her interesting story, from her love for Croatian to her experiences teaching it to eager learners from around the globe.

Hello Vesna, could you share a concise self-description for the International OLS platform? We're eager to learn more about you.

Hi, Loreta! I'm a Croat born in Rijeka and even if I studied and worked all over Europe, Rijeka is the corner of the world where I always go back to. I graduated in Spanish and Croatian Philology at the University of Zagreb. I'm currently in the process of completing my PhD at the Complutense University of Madrid. I spent time at various universities across Europe as a grantee or attending seminars and conferences. I started teaching languages already during my studies and I worked both institutionally and privately with all generations, from kindergarten to retired people, and in all means - individually and in groups, in person and virtually, etc. I also have quite a lot of experience as a translator and interpreter. As far as my private life is concerned, I would point out five things that truly fulfil me (not necessarily in this order): cycling, traveling, gastronomy, theatre and languages.


We wanted to do this interview as we know you are one of the people very related to the Croatian language. Could you share the story of how your personal interest in languages evolved? What is something that made you learn more about your native language?

My interest in languages, in general, goes way back to when I was a child. My mom was always pointing out the importance of knowing foreign languages and encouraging me to learn them. I am really grateful to her for cultivating this love. As far as my native language is concerned, I knew I wanted to study Croatian Philology since elementary school. Maybe the fact that I had great teachers, both back then and also in high school, influenced that decision. Since always, I was interested in language curiosities and good literature. Anyhow, the best moments regarding me and my native language started with teaching Croatian for foreigners because it makes you perceive your language from a completely different perspective, and not only I found it extremely interesting, but also I can say that I have learned a lot with my foreign students.


Many people say Croatian is a difficult language, would you define it like that and why or why not?

I don't like defining languages as easy or difficult, beautiful or unattractive, melodious or not, etc. I think that all of those remarks are subjective judgments. For example, if you ask a Slavic native, I'm quite sure they wouldn't agree. But somehow, we always tend to focus more on natives of some big world languages because for people it's usually more intriguing to see that an English native wants to learn Croatian than if a Slovenian native does. Another thing that I consider crucial in this perception of Croatian as a difficult language is the fact that if you don't live in Croatia, it's quite probable that you will never have any contact with Croatian language. For instance, while I was teaching Spanish, many of my students decided to take the course of that language because they were watching telenovelas for years. So, of course it's not the same starting point if you had spent several years listening to some language at least one hour every day or if you never had an opportunity to even hear one conversation in a particular language.


You worked a lot with Croatian with foreigners. Can you describe your recent work experiences to us?

Until eight years ago, I had some sporadic individual students of Croatian for foreigners, but my focus was Spanish. Then, in 2016, I decided to take a break from Spanish and I applied for the post of Croatian lecturer at the University of Bucharest (Romania). I spent three years there and then three years on the same position at the Aix-Marseille University (France). If everything goes according to plan, from March I should start teaching at Sapienza University of Rome (Italy). In the meantime, I collaborate with one school of foreign languages and I also have several individual students.


What’s your favourite language and why?

It's definitely Spanish. I started learning it in high school as an optional subject. Back then, I wasn't even fascinated by the language itself, it was more of an urge to learn a new language, but I definitely found myself in Spanish. I was learning Spanish way more than necessary for my grade and I also got truly interested in its culture, so I even decided to write my high school thesis in Spanish on one Spanish literature Noble Prize winner. The crown of my newly developed fascination was winning a National competition in Spanish language. Later, I studied Spanish Philology, spent some time at two Spanish universities as a grantee and travelled a lot all over the country. During the years, I was working with Spanish language (primarily as a teacher, but also as a translator, interpreter, etc.). Spanish language brought me some unique and remarkable moments, people, and experiences that I will never forget. Today, I still go back to Spain quite often as a tourist, but also as a PhD student and I will write my thesis in Spanish.


Which languages do you speak and what are your tips for effective language learning?

I speak fluently Spanish, Romanian, Italian, English, French, Galician, and on a lesser scale Russian. I have passive knowledge of Slovenian. Two things that I always point out when it's about effective language learning are 1) use any opportunity to get/stay in contact with your target language (learn with your teacher, do homework, listen to music, read literature and news, watch movies, even change the language on your mobile phone, for example, and more than anything, speak with natives) and 2) always try to communicate with natives, even if you have scarce knowledge in that language, because that will make you apply all of your knowledge and also you will learn a lot from what natives tell you.


Do you think polyglots are special people? Can you find many mutual interests with passionate language lovers?

We are as special as any other person who is good in some field. I think that every person has some talent and is good in something, now it's just the matter of discovering what that is. We are lucky that everyone learns languages at school, so it's not difficult to discover this affinity, but I'm sure that each one of us has something that would be their passion and pride. In respect to mutual interests with other passionate language lovers, of course we share them intensely. In the first place, there are many language universals that we like to discuss, but also, even if it's some curiosity limited to a specific language, we are always eager to learn it.


Do you have your favourite Croatian phrase? And the one from Kvarner?

You really got me with this one. Maybe "ne laje pas zbog sela" (literally, the dog isn't barking because of the village). We use it when we are aware that someone doesn't want to do something because of some personal reasons, but they try to present it as something they do because they want to spare someone else. I find the expression itself quite funny and I also like to use it to tease my family or good friends if they try to avoid some agreement. Talking about local expressions, there is no doubt - it's "šta da". It could be translated as interrogative "really", but we use it at the end of any possible sentence. While living in Rijeka, I wasn't even aware of that, but as soon as I moved to Zagreb, when I started university, people from all over Croatia would ask me if I was from Rijeka at the very beginning of our conversation, so I would ask how did they figure it out as we don't have some specific accent. The answer was always "šta da". A few years ago, this expression even got commercialised.


How would you describe Croatia and your local city to foreign Erasmus students o ESC volunteers?

Croatia is a small country with extremely rich and diverse history, so you can enjoy a huge variety of influences in quite little space. This heterogeneity is visible in all aspects. Croatia is also very different geographically, thus you can enjoy every possible activity as we have sea, mountains, valleys, hills, etc. Foreigners usually focus on the coast, but I definitely suggest that you don't miss neither the nature of Lika and Gorski kotar, valleys and traditions of Slavonija and Baranja, hills of Zagorje, central European cities of northern Croatia or other pearls of our country. My hometown, Rijeka, is without any doubt the most heterogenic city in the whole country. I think that the best detail that proves this statement is the fact that only during the 20th century, the city was part of eight (!) different states and even had a short period of independence. It was an extremely strong industrial centre for a long time and even today it's the most important Croatian port. It's the city best known for its carnival, rock'n'roll, and the invention of the torpedo. It was and still is an open- minded city, and maybe I would choose it as the main characteristic. I have to admit that today Rijeka is not living its best days, but it's on its way to reinterpret its industrial heritage in favour of culture and new technologies. It was even proclaimed European Capital of Culture in 2020.


Do you think Croatia is a good student pick?

Definitely. I think that every country is a good student pick, because every stay abroad will give you some experience and open new perspectives. I consider Croatia a really good choice, because it's a beautiful and safe country that will offer you great opportunities to travel, a grand variety of delicious food and really good cultural life. Last but not least, I would like to point out that people are indeed friendly and I think you can get a good education at our universities.


Do you have any valuable advice for Erasmus students arriving in Rijeka? What can they expect?

I have just described my city, so from that paragraph you can already deduce that you can expect open-minded people accustomed to diversities. You can also expect a fairly good cultural life and nice climate (especially if you don't mind the rain). You will be living at the beach, but you will also have ski slopes at literally 30 km away. Talking about distances, Slovenia is only 40 km away and Italy 60 km.


Have you been part of the Erasmus program? If so, would you be willing to share your experiences? If not, do you have any regrets about not participating in it?

While I was a student, the Erasmus program didn't exist in Croatia, but I got three different scholarships to spend some time at foreign universities (Complutense University of Madrid, University of Santiago de Compostela, University for Foreigners of Perugia). I have really splendid memories! Each one of them brought me many new experiences that formed me the way I am today. I got the chance to travel, to meet new wonderful people, to taste different gastronomies, to perfect languages, to get to know new cultures. Of course, there are always also some logistical problems that pop-up (or some bad moments in general), but they are also worthy for your formation. In general, I truly believe that every experience is good even when it's bad. You just need to learn from it.


If you could choose any European country, which one has a significant place in your heart, and what is the reason behind your fondness for it?

As you can presume, it's Spain. As I already said while describing my passion for Spanish, I adore its language and culture. I also really enjoy their food and I like the openness of the people. I visited every region and returned to most of them several times. It offers grand variety and I would definitely recommend every part of it. I also have a special relation with Italy, because since I was little, we often went to Trieste (in the first place, for shopping) and Italian was also my first foreign language. Even today, I return there frequently to grab some coffee and aperol. In the meantime, I also travelled all over the country and the same as for Spain, I truly admire its heritage and gastronomy. I would also like to add Romania to this list. It was a pleasant surprise when I moved there without any expectation (my motive to apply for this position was to learn Romanian language, because of my passion for Romance languages). Not just that I carry fond memories from that period of my life, but I even fell in love and got married to a Romanian.


Which Croatian dish do you consider your favourite?
Additionally, what is the must-try local specialty in your area that shouldn't be overlooked?

As I explained before, Croatia is a relatively small area, but with great amount of influences through time. Gastronomy is definitely one of the domains where you can observe our history and geography - from the Mediterranean diet on the coast over more heavy food in the mountain areas through the central European dishes on the northern parts to Balkan influences in the east. I think that everyone who comes to Croatia learns really fast what ćevapčići or sarma are. I also enjoy them, but I prefer lighter Mediterranean specialties. I don't have a favourite dish, but wherever you go, I advise you to search for some typical, local restaurant and then leave them to assemble a traditional dinner for you. It's what I do even in my own country if visiting other regions and the results are usually both tasty and informative.


What’s the most interesting thing or one of the most interesting you’ve learned about linguistics?

Well, I learned a bunch of things about linguistics and I find most of them truly interesting. It's difficult to pick one of them, especially in this context where I don't expect that the general audience would necessarily share my passion. When I think about what my friends who are not linguists regard as the most interesting, usually it's etymology, so I can share one of those intriguing stories. The word for "work" in Romanian is "muncă", which comes from Old Slavic "moka", meaning "torture, sufferance". In Italian they say "lavoro" for "work" and that comes from Latin "labor" where it meant, among other things, "fatigue, suffering". In Spanish they have "trabajo", in Portuguese "trabalho", and in French "travail". All of these words have the origin in Latin "tripalium", used for an instrument of torture. But, if you already got excited about having an excuse not to work because it is etymologically related to some suffering, think twice because the English word "travel" comes exactly from the same source (Lat. tripalium).


Where do you see yourself in 15 years?

Uf… And I thought that finding my favourite Croatian expression was hard. Well, it sounds like a phrase, but you really don't know what tomorrow brings. If I could choose, and if I don't get too tired moving every few years, I will probably still be teaching Croatian at foreign universities, because I truly love this job and enjoy the lifestyle that it provides me.


Certainly, you have a strong passion for literature, especially Croatian authors. Would you mind sharing some must-read recommendations?

During the last month, I read three great books, so we can start with these recommendations: Kristian Novak (Slučaj vlastite pogibelji), Dora Šustić (Psi) and Roberta Razzi (Lakoma Beti). At the moment, I'm reading Brod za Issu by Robert Perišić and it seems quite promising. Kristian Novak is without a doubt one of the greatest Croatian contemporary authors and I can recommend any of his novels. I would also recommend (not necessarily in that order) Slavenka Drakulić, Maša Kolanović, Tatjana Gromača, Goran Ferčec, Lana Bastašić, Olja Savičević Ivančević, Igor Štiks, Ivana Sajko… Those would be contemporary, living authors. From the canon of our literature in general, I would point out names such as Janko Polić Kamov, Miroslav Krleža, Mirko Kovač, Ivo Andrić or Dubravka Ugrešić. For poetry, head to the already mentioned Roberta Razzi (especially great if you are curious about dialectal poetry, but you will also find translations to standard language), Delimir Rešicki, Žarko Jovanovski… If you would like to read the most famous Croatian poets of all times, search for a collection of poems written by Antun Gustav Matoš, Tin Ujević, Antun Branko Šimić, Vesna Parun, Dragutin Tadijanović or Dobriša Cesarić.


Which place in Croatia would you highly recommend for Erasmus students to visit, and what makes it a standout recommendation?

As already mentioned, I definitely recommend all parts of Croatia, because each one of them has a lot to offer. My personal pick would always be Istria, because it offers spectacular landscapes (both on the coast and even more inland), extremely good gastronomy and great cultural events. It has a special spirit and high quality offer in any segment.


Which Croatian song is on your play list?

I prefer urban music. Out of present-day performers, I like Urban, Elemental, Meritas, Boris Štok (Quassar), Detour… Some of the performers who are present on the scene for many years (some of them have unfortunately passed away or became inactive): Massimo, Denis&Denis, Rundek, Fit… The cherry on top - two legends that I truly love and admire - Josipa Lisac and Arsen Dedić.


Can you give us some solid advice how to study Croatian effectively?

I would repeat those that I pointed out for learning languages in general, so I suggest our readers to go back to that question. If you come to Croatia, it will be easy for you to expose yourself to the language in any possible way and it should also be easy to talk to natives because we are known as a communicative, friendly nation that especially admires any effort when you try to communicate in Croatian.

How do you explain declinations to foreign students?

That depends on the native language of my students. Of course, it's easier if they have cases in their language, but even if they have, there is more work to be done, because there will always be some differences in usage between Croatian and someone's native language. Sometimes, even if another language doesn't have cases, there are some features that can help a student to at least understand the concept of the case, but in general every case has either its role in the sentence (for example, subject is always expressed in nominative form, direct object in accusative, indirect object in dative, etc.), or is determined by some preposition (for example, "za" requires accusative if it means "for" and instrumental if the meaning is "after"; "u" goes with both accusative and locative and it always means the same, but we use accusative if there is a verb of motion and locative if there isn't). As you can see, this is a completely different perspective than the one natives have and how we determine cases in our own language.


We know some things are quite difficult in Croatian, tell us the ones that are easy!

Yes, as in any other language there are things that are difficult and there are things that are easy to learn. In Croatian, one of the first things you learn are endings for each gender in both singular and plural (endings for nominative). This is one of the parts of Croatian grammar that shouldn't be difficult to master, because those endings cover not just almost all nouns, but we also apply them to adjectives, most of the pronouns, etc. Also, one of the things that crosses my mind are numbers, because our system is quite logical and once you have learned to count to ten, you just need to learn general rules on what to add to those numbers to get any other number until infinity. Then again, the morphology of past tense and especially future tense is really easy to learn.


Tell us something about your language oriented PhD and the motivation behind the subject.

I do my doctoral studies in the field of Theoretical and Applied Linguistics at Complutense University of Madrid. As a Croat passionate about Romance languages, I decided to dedicate my thesis to Romance-Slavic contact. I'm working on clitics in Romance idioms spoken in Croatian regions of Kvarner and Istria (Istro-Venetian, Istriot, Istro-Romanian). I decided to pick that language peculiarity because Croatian standard language has really unique rules about the usage of clitics and in Romance languages they are often distributed in a different way, so I was considering that it could give some interesting results. In my PhD I managed to put together many of the things I really love - linguistics, Romance languages, Croatian, and Kvarner and Istria (which would be my region and that of my grandparents), all written in Spanish.


Thank you for taking the time to explore Vesna's story! We'd love to hear your thoughts or anything you'd like to share, so feel free to leave a comment below.